Chinese photographer Rong Rong documented student poverty in the student artists' 'East Village' in Beijing in the mid-1990s. I find this image of a man with a shaven head especially striking.
Avant garde photography in China emerged in the late 90s, and incorporated new forms of media (computers, painting or performance, for example) into their photographic image making.
The Asia Society curated an exhibition in 1999 (subsquently touring China and USA in 2000/2001) entitled China: Fifty Years Inside the People's Republic, consisting of 152 images by 33 photographers illustrating the spectrum of modern Chinese life. Sebastiao Salgado's stunning black and white image of Pudong viewed from the Bund is one of my highlights.
Shanghai in Images, a database with around 1200 photographs from the mid-19th century to 1949. The images can also be viewed by album.
A man of few words, ziboy photoblogs from Beijing, capturing his daily life with extreme candour.